Optimization of Soft Carbon Negative Electrode in Sodium-Ion Batteries Using Surface-Modified Mesophase-Pitch Carbon Fibers

Current efforts to improve sodium-ion batteries are heavily focused on developing high performance carbon materials for the negative electrode. With significant research, hard carbons have come show massive storage capacities and fast discharge rates. On other hand, soft received very little attention, though they likewise encompass a wide variety of with structures highly dependent starting material preparation temperature. In our contribution, we systematically evaluate electrochemical electrodes made from mesophase-pitch fibers (MCF). By using felt electrodes, cyclic voltammetry MCFs prepared at 600–1300 °C best MCF between 700–950 °C. addition, surface modification step silver showed significantly improved all materials. Electrochemical impedance measurements further indicated that could decrease both charge transfer resistances film attributed solid electrolyte interphase. Upon comparing lithium- sodium-cell, it was revealed sodium-cell demonstrated more increase in current density resistance through treatment. We verified results single-fiber electrodes; an currents were also observed by modification, as electrodes. Overall, speculate removes inhibitors, such functional groups or impurities, prevent sluggish ion trapping during sodium insertion/extraction.